In 1595, the Society of Jesus founded a grammar school in Cebu under the name Colegio de San Ildefonso; it was only the secondary school outside of Manila before the nineteenth century and was opened the same year as their college in Manila. (de la costa, 1992) The Colegio was closed upon the expulsion of the Jesuits from the Philippines in 1768. It was reopened in 1733 when the Diocese of Cebu turned it into a Seminary, the Real Seminario de San Carlos, named after the great patron of ecclesiastical training of the Renaissance. The diocesan clergy administered the Seminario until 1862 when the Dominican Order assumed its administration. To assure a sufficient number of teachers, the Bishop of Cebu (Fray Romualdo Gimeno) asked the Congregation of Saint Vincent de Paul to succeed the Dominicans. In 1867, the Vincentians assumed the administration of the school, now named Seminario-Colegio de San Carlos as it began to admit externos, that is, student who were enrolled without the intention of joining the priesthood. This change in the character of the Seminario has been aptly chronicled by Fenner (1985):
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